Historical satellite images and visual inspection of the bridge did not show evidence of frequent debris accumulation. In summary, the bridge underwent different phases of maintenance and reconstruction work: The project of the new bridge involved substituting the deck with the aforementioned steel–concrete composite structure, constructing a new abutment in reinforced concrete, and strengthening the existing piers and abutment, mainly involving the use of inclined and vertical micro-piles for the foundations. The older bridge was designed in 1877 by Francesco Polatti and built by the “Stabilimento Nazionale di Costruzioni in ferro Pietro Bizzarini”. As stated in the design report, the investigated bridge was built in 1966 to replace an older timber structure. Document research revealed the presence of the original design documents in the archives of the local authority responsible for route maintenance. Consequently, the first stage of the analysis was document research in the archives of the Province of Sondrio. The results show (1) a relatively fast procedure that can be applied by practitioners to perform structural verification of river bridges with traditional mechanical bearings, and (2) an investigation method to evaluate temperature–frequency correlation as a reference for future inspections.Īs specified by the Italian code on existing structures and guidelines on evaluation of bridges, the history and original blueprints of the investigated bridge are of the utmost importance to perform an accurate structural analysis. In addition, dynamic investigations and FE modelling were performed. The actions exerted on the bridge deck by the river current were estimated following the recommendations of the Italian code and making some further assumptions. The deck–river interaction is addressed, studying the influence of debris accumulation on the bridge and performing structural verification of the bearing supports. The aim of this research is to provide a multidisciplinary procedure based on hydraulic and dynamic investigations devoted to the structural verification and monitoring of river bridges with traditional mechanical bearings. Scour and hydrodynamic loads have been largely studied by the hydraulic engineering community however, in practice, integration with structural analysis is often missing. Generally speaking, hydraulic processes are the main cause of bridge failure. The present study deals with the structural safety evaluation of a 50-year-old river bridge, called Baghetto Bridge, located in north Italy on the Adda River.
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